R1.2 Energy cycles in reactions

R1.2.1 Bond enthalpy

10 minute read

R1.2.2 Hess’s Law

10 minute read

R1.2.3 Standard enthalpy changes of combustion and formation (Higher Level Only)

4 minute read

R1.2.4 Hess's Law with combustion and formation data (Higher Level Only)

5 minute read

R1.2.5 Born-Haber Cycle (Higher Level Only)

14 minute read